🧮 Class 1 Mathematics – Chapter 3: Addition
🔹 1. What is Addition?
Addition means putting things together or combining two or more numbers to make a bigger number.
👉 Example:
2 apples + 3 apples = 5 apples
So, 2 + 3 = 5
🔹 2. The Plus (+) and Equal (=) Signs
-
‘+’ (plus sign): used when we add numbers.
-
‘=’ (equal sign): shows the total or result.
👉 Example:
4 + 1 = 5
(read as “Four plus one equals five.”)
🔹 3. Adding by Counting Forward
When you add, start from the bigger number and count forward.
👉 Example:
5 + 2 = ?
Start with 5 → count 2 more → 6, 7
✅ Answer = 7
🔹 4. Picture Addition
Children can count and add pictures.
Example:
🍎🍎 (2 apples) + 🍎🍎🍎 (3 apples) = 🍎🍎🍎🍎🍎 (5 apples)
🔹 5. Adding Zero
When you add 0 to any number, the answer remains the same.
👉 Example:
6 + 0 = 6
0 + 9 = 9
🔹 6. Order of Numbers in Addition
Changing the order of numbers doesn’t change the result.
This is called the commutative property of addition.
👉 Example:
3 + 2 = 5 and 2 + 3 = 5
🔹 7. Addition Facts
| Number | Add 1 | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | +1 | = 2 |
| 2 | +1 | = 3 |
| 3 | +1 | = 4 |
| 4 | +1 | = 5 |
| 5 | +1 | = 6 |
🔹 8. Adding Using Fingers
Children can use their fingers to count.
Example:
Show 4 fingers on one hand and 2 on the other.
Count all fingers together — 6.
🔹 9. Word Problems (Story Sums)
Example 1:
Riya has 3 pencils.
Her friend gives her 2 more.
How many pencils does Riya have now?
👉 3 + 2 = 5 pencils
Example 2:
There are 4 birds on a tree.
2 more come flying.
Total birds?
👉 4 + 2 = 6 birds
🔹 10. Practice Exercise
Add the following:
| S.No. | Question | Answer |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 + 3 | 5 |
| 2 | 4 + 1 | 5 |
| 3 | 5 + 2 | 7 |
| 4 | 6 + 0 | 6 |
| 5 | 3 + 4 | 7 |
| 6 | 1 + 7 | 8 |
| 7 | 9 + 0 | 9 |
| 8 | 2 + 5 | 7 |
| 9 | 8 + 1 | 9 |
| 10 | 3 + 3 | 6 |
🧠 Quick Revision
✅ Addition = putting together
✅ Sign used → “+”
✅ Adding zero → same number
✅ Changing order → no change in answer
✅ Use fingers or objects to add